1.2 On to the Summit: We Reach the Top
Ice Breakers:-
Activity-
Discuss with your partner and complete the web of different activities related to climbing.
Answer:-
Different activities related to climbing:-
1) Horse trekking
2) Hot air ballooning
3) Parachuting
4) Paragliding
5) Mountain hiking or trekking
6) Caving
7) Mountaineering
8) Hill walking
9) Scuba Diving
10) Skiing
11) Canyoning
12) Waterfall rappelling
13) Glacier climbing
14) Bouldering
15) Ice climbing
Activity:-
There are certain prerequisites for Mountaineering. With reference to the following points, develop a short dialogue between you and your friend about mountaineering.
Points:- Time, Distance, Equipment, Training, Clothes, Mental and physical fitness
Answer:-
I :- Hi Rahul! How are you?
Rahul :- Hello! I am fine Tushar. Do you know about mountaineering?
I :- Yes. I collected some information about it from internet.
Rahul:- I too got some information from newspapers and books.
I :- Good. Mountaineering is not an easy task. It needs a lot of time to become expert.
Rahul :- Yeah. The distance is also important. Initially we can’t cover too much distance on mountains because we don’t have its habit.
I :- For mountaineering few things like rope, axe, water tumbler, sleeping bags, string, oxygen cylinder, food packets, medicines etc. are essential.
Rahul :- There is need of proper training for security of the mountaineer. We also have to decide in which season we should go for climbing.
I :- Yes. It’s true. We need to take proper clothes for the mountaineering. Our clothes should help us in the climbing. They should not be too loose. They should not become a problem during our journey.
Rahul :- Mountaineering is also the test of mental and physical fitness. We should pay attention on it also.
I :- Yes. We have much information now. OK. Good bye.
Rahul :- Good bye.
OR
Activity :-
Develop a dialogue between you and your friend about mountaineering
Answer -
I: Hi, Raghu, What's up?
Raghu: Hi, Dilip, I have a good news
I: What's it tell me.
Raghu: I have joined a mountaineering training session.
I: Wow, that's really great. Raghu tell me something about it
Raghu: I had wonderful experience in the first week of the class itself.
I: Come to the point Raghu don't beat around the bush.
Raghu: Ok dear, I was taken for an expedition to climb the Zippy point at,
I: Zippy point, that's too high
Raghu: So what? Distance and time does not matter for a mountaineer. The more the distance and time more the fun.
I: (astonished): what...?
Raghu: They provide all guidance and trained us. We need to wear special clothes and carry certain equipment along with us.
I: Was it not heavy with all these things for climbing?
Raghu: No, as we are trained for physical fitness and mental endurance. I too
I: Hats off to you and your determination.
(Written By Prof. Sheela Narsimhan - Jr. College English Teachers' Group - 2 Member)
Activity:-
Give reasons for the rope being called a symbol.
Rope is used to climb safely. It connects each mountaineer with other and gives message that they are attached firmly. Rope is the symbol of working unitedly. It converts the individuals into a team. It tides them together. So it is a symbol and it is the symbol of unity.
Activity
Discuss with your partner the various hazards and risks that a mountaineer / trekker has to face in an expedition.
Answer -
Various hazards and risks that a mountaineer has to face in expedition.
1) Face snowy and stormy wind (blizzard)
2) To keep safe from falling rocks, falling ice and boulders.
3) To protect from high altitude sickness.
4) To carry wounds caused due to sliding or falling down.
5) To avoid snow bite during stay or journey.
6) Unable to Keep in touch with base camp to gain help
7) Loose the right path and trap in unknown place.
8) Keep the body safe from insects, reptiles and other wild creatures.
9) Survive in insufficient or low oxygen area.
10) Tolerate hunger and remain thirsty in critical situations.
11) Sunburn
12) Dehydration
13) Co relation in using rope
14) Problem of companions’ injury
15) Tiredness
Brainstorming
A1. Summarize to the class in your own words the highly risky and dangerous journey of Tenzing and Hillary from the base to the top of Mt. Everest.
Answer:- The journey of Tenzing and Hillary was really risky and dangerous. One hour of steady going, they had to pass up a steep line of rocks. They had to climb the snow – covered slope. It caused slanting up and down. By the help of rope, they went over the dangerous ground. They were thirsty and tired. But finally they reached the top of the Everest.
A2.
(i) Complete the web highlighting the feelings/emotions of Tenzing after reaching the summit.
Tenzing’s feelings / emotions after reaching the summit:-
Answer:-
1) Gratitude to God.
2) Placed offerings to God on top.
3) Adjusted flags on summit to show win of man over Everest.
4) Embraced each other to express joy.
5) Red scarf made Tenzing felt that his friend Lambert was with him.
6) Exhilarated for completing the task
(ii) Glance through the text again and explain the qualities of Tenzing Norgay.
Pick lines that show his unique qualities. One is done for you.
Answer:-
Sr. | Qualities | Lines |
1 | Patriotic | I told colonel Hunt that I was carrying the Indian flag with me and I would like it to on the top with other flags. |
2 | Aesthetic | My first thought -----gratitude to God |
3 | Emotional | I was wearing a red scarf -------I remembered him. |
4 | Humble | The tea smelled kerosene --- enjoy it whatever the smell |
(iii) Write down the significance of the following in the context of 'On to the Summit' :
(i) Red Scarf
(ii) husiar
(iii) Kerosene flavoured tea
(ii) husiar
(iii) Kerosene flavoured tea
(iv) Ice axe
(v) Anchor
(v) Anchor
Answer:-
1) Red scarf:- It felt Tenzing that his friend who had given it was with him.
2) Husiar:- Means caution. Climbing down needed to be cautious or it might result in the accident.
3) Kerosene flavoured tea :- It was the tea provided by Noyce who in a hurry he brought Kerosene mixed tea to welcome them.
4) Ice axe:- It is a multipurpose hiking and climbing tool used by mountaineers.
5) Anchor:- The person follows other climbing person has a difficult job both climbing up and down. He connects the other person. It makes the climbing persons remain fixed to any place. Such person is called anchor.
(A3) (i) Add suitable suffixes (-tion,- ly, -ment, -ous) and prefixes (un, il, im) to
the words given below. One is done for you.
Answer:-
Sr. | Word | Prefix | Suffix |
1 | absolute | nonabsolute | absolutely |
2 | fulfill | unfulfilled | fulfillment |
3 | determine | undetermined | determination |
4 | danger | endanger | dangerous |
5 | tight | airtight, untighten | tightly, tighten |
6 | clear | unclear | clearly, clearance |
7 | sure | ensure | surely |
8 | legal | illegal | legally |
9 | legitimate | illegitimate | illegitimately |
10 | possible | impossible | possibility |
(ii) By filling appropriate letters in the blank spaces, you will get a past participle from it. Use the word as adjective in your own sentence. One is done for you.
(a) s _ _ n _ d
Word- signed.
1) The advocate took all the signed documents to the court.
2) He must submit the signed photo copy of the documents.
1) The advocate took all the signed documents to the court.
2) He must submit the signed photo copy of the documents.
(b) p_ _ z _ d
Word- Prized.
1) The pen I lost was prized one.
2) M. S. Dhoni’s prized collection includes an Audi car.
1) The pen I lost was prized one.
2) M. S. Dhoni’s prized collection includes an Audi car.
(c) f_ _ t_ e n e_
Word- Flattened.
1) You can draw rangoli on flattened soil.
2) The boxer was flattened in the 7th round.
1) You can draw rangoli on flattened soil.
2) The boxer was flattened in the 7th round.
(d) b _ i_e_
Word- Boiled.
1) We used to drink boiled water.
2) I like to eat boiled eggs.
1) We used to drink boiled water.
2) I like to eat boiled eggs.
(iii) Spot the error. One is done for you.
I was not afraid for die that day.
Correct Sentence- I was not afraid to die that day.
(a) Tenzing and Hillary made an pact at the office of P M of Nepal.
Answer:- Tenzing and Hillary made a pact at the office of P M of Nepal.
(b) I has to bring my ice axe down with me.
Answer:- I have to bring my ice axe down with me.
(c) Tenzing have spent a night with Camp Eight.
Answer:- Tenzing has spent a night at Camp Eight.
(d) Pact was signed from Tenzing and Hillary.
Answer:- Pact was signed by Tenzing and Hillary.
(e) I and Hillary were in no mood of talking.
Answer:- Hillary and I were in no mood for talking.
(A4) When Tenzing and Hillary reached the summit, Tenzing in utter joy said, “We have done it.” In this sentence the subject (we) is the doer of the action while it (achieving the feat) is the subject. The verb of passive voice is formed by using the correct form of the verb ‘to be’ + past participle of the main verb. Construct the sentences accordingly.
Now carefully go through the changes in both the sentences and do the changes accordingly in the remaining sentences.
We have done it.
It has been done by us.
(a) We made a pact.
Answer:- A pact was made by us.
(b) I offered silent prayer in my heart.
Answer:- Silent prayer was offered in my heart by me.
(c) Colonel Hunt gave me three flags.
Answer:- I was given three flags by colonel
Three flags were given to me by colonel.
(d) I was carrying the Indian flag.
Answer:- The Indian flag was being carried by me.
(e) I took photographs of Tenzing holding aloft the flags.
Answer:- Photographs of Tenzing holding aloft the flags were taken by me.
(f) I remembered him.
Answer:- He was remembered by me.
(g) We spent the night at Camp Eight.
Answer:- The night was spent at Camp Eight by us.
Activity:- Comparisons
Look at the sentences given below. Find out which one is correct. If the sentence is wrong give reasons.
a. Sunita is the quieter of four sisters.
Answer- Wrong sentence. Reason:- It’s a superlative degree and needs the third form or superlative form of adjective (i.e. quietest)
b. Sunita is the quietest of the four sisters.
Answer- Correct sentence.
c. Anil’s computer is more new than mine.
Answer- Wrong sentence. Reason:-The wrong second form of adjective is used.
d. Anil’s computer is newer than mine.
Answer- Correct sentence.
e. I have the wonderfullest mother in the world
Answer- Wrong sentence. Reason:- The wrong third form of adjective is used.
f. I have the most wonderful mother in the world.
Answer- Correct sentence.
g. Aditi is more carefuller than Mary.
Answer- Wrong sentence. Reason:- The wrong second form of adjective is used.
h. Aditi is more careful than Mary.
Answer- Correct sentence.
When we compare two nouns, we use comparative adjectives. When we compare more than two nouns, we use superlative adjectives.
e.g.
a. Milind is taller than John.
b. Zakir is the tallest of the three brothers.
Activity:- Look at the following sentences and observe the changes in the three sentences. Discuss the changes and note your responses:
e.g.
a. Atul is not as bright as Milind in studies.
b. The dining room is brighter than the kitchen.
c. Anne is the brightest girl in class.
Answer-
In the first sentence the first form or base form of the adjective is used so it is the sentence having positive degree.
In the second sentence the second form or comparative form of adjective is used so it is the sentence having comparative degree.
In the third sentence the third form or superlative form of adjective is used so it is the sentence having superlative degree.
Activity:- Make a list of adjectives in three different forms of comparison. Use different texts to find these.
Degree forms –
1) Positive + er and est
Bold | Bolder | Boldest |
Clever | Cleverer | Cleverest |
Great | Greater | Greatest |
Kind | Kinder | Kindest |
Sweet | Sweeter | Sweetest |
2) Positive ending ‘Y’ + ier and iest
Easy | Easier | Easiest |
Happy | Happier | Happiest |
Heavy | Heavier | Heaviest |
Wealthy | Wealthier | Wealthiest |
3) Positive ending ‘e’ + r and st
Able | Abler | Ablest |
Brave | Braver | Bravest |
Fine | Finer | Finest |
Wise | Wiser | Wisest |
Noble | Nobler | Noblest |
4) Positive + double the consonant with er and est
Big | Bigger | Biggest |
Hot | Hotter | Hottest |
Thin | Thinner | Thinnest |
Fat | Fatter | Fattest |
Kind | Kinder | Kindest |
Small | Smaller | Smallest |
5) Positive + more / less and most / lest
Beautiful | More/ Less beautiful | Most/Lest Beautiful |
Qualified | More/ Less qualified | Most/Lest qualified |
Prompt | More / Less prompt | Most / Lest prompt |
Proper | More / Less proper | Most / Lest proper |
6) Separate words –
Good | Better | Best |
Bad | Worse | Worst |
Old | Older | Oldest |
Little | Less | Least |
Activity:- Fill in the blanks with comparative, superlative and positive forms of the correct adjectives in the brackets.
a. You are very naughty. You are---------------- your brother. (clever)
Answer- You are very naughty. You are cleverer than your brother.
Or
You are very naughty. You are not so clever as your brother.
b. The tiger is the----------------- animal in the zoo. (dangerous)
Answer- The tiger is the most dangerousanimal in the zoo.
c. This is------------------- road in town. (busy)
Answer- This is the busiest road in town.
d. My new house is----------------- the one I used to live in. (big)
Answer- My new house is bigger than the one I used to live in.
e. He is the-------------------- boy in class. (forgetful)
Answer- He is the most forgetful boy in class.
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