Model Activity Sheet.

 Annual Exam- Model Activity Sheet

Std. 11^th     Sub.- English       Marks-80  
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Section I – Prose

Q.1 (A)  Read the extract and complete the activities given below.   (12)

Tiger Hill towers majestically above all other mountaintops in its vicinity. Although located almost 10 kilometers north of the Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway, the enemy position on this mountaintop dominated parts of this highway. After the recapture of Tololing and the adjacent features, evicting the enemy from this well-fortified position became a priority.             As the sharp triangular top of Tiger Hill was clearly visible from the highway, and appeared almost impossible to capture, the media had projected the entire episode as a national challenge.             Brigadier M.P.S. Bajwa, commander, 192 Mountain Brigade, assigned the mission of capturing Tiger Hill to 18 grenadiers, now rested and recouped after their achievements at Tololing and Hump, and to 8 Sikh, which was already deployed at its base. Both these units were assisted by a crack team from the High Altitude Warfare School, with maximum possible artillery, engineering and other combat support. Throughout the last week of June 1999, 18 Grenadiers probed to establish the extent of the enemy’s defenses and to scout for suitable routes for the assault. A simultaneous multidirectional assault emerged as the best strategy. The commanding officer of 41 Field Regiment drew up an elaborate artillery fire plan. Individual guns were ranged so as to cover each objective. Bofors guns were used in a direct firing role once again, with inspiring accuracy. On the day of the assault, nearly 120 field and medium guns, 122-mm multibarrelled Grad rocket launchers and mortars rained death and destruction on the enemy at Tiger Hill. The Air Force, too, targeted Tiger Hill on 2-3 July, and hit the bull’s eye several times during its missions.      For the first time in India’s military history, a TV channel covered the battle live: a sign of progress and transparency, not to mention the on-screen depiction of confidence. The Tiger Hill feature extends about 2200 meters from west to east and about 1000 meters north to south. The main extension is towards the west, on which there are two prominent protrusions. The first, approximately 500 meters west of Tiger Hill, had been named ‘India Gate’, and the second, ‘Helmet’ (located another 300 meters away). Approximately one company of 12 Northern Light Infantry (Pakistan) held the whole feature.

A1. Global Understanding   (2)

Describe Tiger Hill in brief.

A2. Complex Factual             (2)

1) Tiger Hill is located almost --------------------------------of the Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway.

2) -----------------------------guns were used in a direct firing.

3) The Air Force targeted ------------------------------------ on 2-3 July.

4) Brigadier M.P.S. Bajwa was ------------------------------- of 192 Mountain Brigade.

A3. Point out                          (2)

Point out the new change that happened in India’s military history.

A4. Personal Response          (2)

List the things that are essential to win a war.

A5. Language Study               (2)

1) Both these units were assisted by a crack team from the High Altitude Warfare School, with maximum possible artillery, engineering and other combat support.

            (Change the voice)

2) A simultaneous multidirectional assault emerged as the best strategy.

            (Change into past perfect tense)

A6. Vocabulary                       (2)

Make a word register for “War”.

B) Language Study               (4)

1) Do as directed.                  (3)

a) Ram is one of the smartest boys.

(Choose the correct positive degree transformation from the following alternatives)

i) Ram is a smarter than most other boys.

ii) Very few boys are as smart as Ram.

iii) No other boy is as smart as Ram.

b) Sharyu is so clever that she will solve any problem.

(Choose the correct use of ‘enough’ for this sentence.)

            i) Sharyu is clever enough that she will solve any problem.

            ii) Sharyu is clever enough so she will solve any problem.

            iii) Sharyu is clever enough to solve any problem.

c) Without music, they will not start dance.

(Choose the correct use of unless for the given sentence.)

            i) Unless there is music, they will not start dance.

            ii) Unless there is no music, they will not start dance.

            iii) Unless there are no music, they will not start dance.

2) Spot the error.            (1)

The list of items are on the desk.

Q.2. (A) Read the extract and complete the activities given below.   (12)  

  

I have mentioned the names of some of the great ones of those times. One of the greatest of these, I have not yet mentioned. His name was Socrates. He was a philosopher, always searching for truth. To him, the only thing worth having was truth and he often discussed difficult questions with his friends and acquaintances, so that out of the discussions truth might emerge. He had many disciples or chelas, and the greatest of these was Plato. Plato wrote many books which have come down to us, and it is from these books that we know a great deal of his master, Socrates. Evidently, governments do not like people who are always trying to find out things: they don`t like the search for truth. The Athenian Government- this was just after the time of Pericles- did not like the method of Socrates, and they held a trial and condemned him to death. They told him that if he promised to give up his discussions with people and changed his ways they would let him off. But he refused to do so, and prepared the cup of poison, which brought him death, to giving up what he considered his duty.

A1. Global understanding    (2)

Choose two statements from the options which do not describe Socrates.     

1) Socrates was a philosopher.

2) He often discussed easy questions.

3) Plato was his greatest disciple.

4) He was a politician.

A2. Complex Factual           (2)

Complete the following sentences with the help of extract.

1. He often discussed difficult questions so that ------------

2. He was commanded to stop ---------------------------------

A3. Analysis                          (2)

Describe the qualities of Socrates.

A4.Personal Response         (2)

“To him the only thing worth having was truth.” Give your opinion about this thinking.

A5.Language Study        (2)

Do as directed.                                                                                                    

1) It is from these books that we know a great about his master.

(Make it simple sentence)

2) Plato wrote many books.

(Rewrite in Past perfect tense)

A6. Vocabulary                   (2)

1) The word `emerge` means-

a) come out     

b) become clear          

c) become easy

2) A philosopher is a person----

a) Who is interested in studies.

b) Who is a lover of wisdom.

c) Who is philanthropic by nature

(B) Summary Writing    (3)

Write a brief summary of the above extract with the help of the points given below and suggest a suitable title.

Socrates – the greatest philosopher—truth having worth --- Plato, a disciple--Government condemned him death---preferred death as his duty.

C) Mind Mapping         (3)

Read the following paragraph and complete the diagram given below.

Books have always been man’s best friends. There are books on various topics. They can be grouped under different categories namely literature, expository, philosophical and reference. Stories, dramas, novels, one act plays and poetry all come under literature. Books that provide information are expository type. They include history, geography, sociology and politics. Philosophical books deal with religion and theology. Reference books deal with variety of needs. They include books like a dictionary or a collection of idioms and phrases, world records, facts and figures etc.

Section II – Poetry

Q.3.A) Read the extract and complete the activities given follow.   (10)

Sitting in a porch way cool, Sunlight, I see, dying fast, Twilight hastens on to rule. Working hours have well-nigh past. Shadows run across the lands: But a sower lingers still, Old, in rags, he patient stands. Looking on, I feel a thrill. Black and high, his silhouette Dominates the furrows deep! Now to sow the task is set. Soon shall come a time to reap. Marches he along the plain To and fro, and scatters wide From his hands the precious grain; Muse I, as I see him stride. Darkness deepens. Fades the light. Now his gestures to mine eyes Are august; and strange; his height Seems to touch the starry skies

A1.Global Understanding   (2)

The poet has observed the sower closely. Express the in your own words the reverence the poet has for the sower.

A2.Analysis                         (2)

Explain:- ‘Old, in rags, he patient stands.’

A3.Personal response          (2)

Write down the essential things required for sowing seeds in the farm.

A4.Poetic devices                 (2)

Find and write any two examples of personification from the extract. Give their explanation.

A5.Poetic creativity            (2)

Add two poetic lines to make the rhyme scheme : a b a b

Sitting in a porch way cool,

Sunlight, I see, dying fast,

---------------------------------

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B) Read the extract and write as per the instruction given follow. (4)

'Again would your lordship a moment suppose,             ('Tis a case that has happened, and may be again) That the visage or countenance had not a Nose,             Pray who would, or who could, wear spectacles then? 'On the whole it appears, and my argument shows, With a reasoning the court will never condemn, That the spectacles plainly were made for the Nose, And the Nose was as plainly intended for them.' Then shifting his side, as a lawyer knows how, He pleaded again in behalf of the Eyes: But what were his arguments few people know, For the court did not think they were equally wise, So his lordship decreed with a grave solemn tone, Decisive and clear, without one if or but- That, whenever the Nose put his spectacles on, By daylight or candlelight-Eyes should be shut!

Write an appreciation of the poem considering the following points:-

1) Theme of the poem           

2) Poetic devices used in the poem

3) Special Features                

4) Message of the poem

SECTION III – Writing Skills

Q.4 Complete the activities as per the instructions given below.  (16)

A) Letter / E- mail

A1) Write an application to the Principal of your Junior college to grant concession in fees.

Name : Kiran Patil,  Reason : Unable to pay complete fees, Request concession

OR

  A2) Write an e mail to the Municipal Commissioner of your city requesting him to take urgent action against bad condition of roads.

e- mail address: municipal@yahoomail.com, Give  condition of roads, Expect quick action.

Use the following template to write e- mail.

B) Film Review OR Blog Writing OR Expansion of Idea (Write any one)   (4)

B1)  Write a review of any film you have seen recently in about 100 to 150 words.                                                                                                                    

Use the following points:- a) Story line                                         b) Characters/Performance               c) Conflict/Special features                d) Your opinion about the film

OR

B2) Write a blog post in a proper format on the following topic in about 100 to 150 words.
Topic:- 'Health and Fitness'  

                                                                                      

Use the following point:- Explain the term, give ways to improve the fitness, give importance of health and fitness, add your own points.

Use the following template to write a blog post.

OR

B3) Expand the idea inherent in the following proverbs.

“One should eat to live, not live to eat” – Franklin

Use the following points:- Explain the proverb, Give examples, Give message in the proverb.

C) Leaflet OR Appeal OR Counter View OR Report (Write any one)                                (4)

C1) Write a leaflet on Yoga Class considering the following points:-

1) Persuasive appeal               2) Courses                   3) Duration                  4) Fees

OR

C2) Imagine that you are a member of Horizon Club, M.I.D.C, Station Road, Pune. Prepare an appeal for making the public aware of ‘Saving our Environment’

Use the following points:- 1) Prepare an attractive slogan. 2) Make a persuasive appeal. 3) Give information about the different programme. 4) Ask for contribution.

OR

C3) Prepare a paragraph to be used for the counter view section on the following topic.

            ‘Science is a curse to Human Beings’

You can take the help of following points included in the view section.

View:-  ‘Science is Blessing to Human Beings’ Ø  It has helped man to make progress in many areas. Ø  It has given man many facilities. Ø  It increases the efficiency and speed of man. Ø  It made man powerful in this universe. Ø  It increases life span of man.

OR

C4) Your college celebrated ‘Environment Day’. Write a report of this celebration using the following points. 

Ø  Day and date of the celebration. Ø  Arrangement  Ø  Environment pledge Ø  Activities conducted on the day.

D) Speech OR Compering script OR Dialogue OR Interview Questions                            (4)

D1) Prepare a speech on ‘Water Conservation’

Use the following points:- 1) Proper beginning 2) Give benefits of water conservation 3) Main body 4) Ending

OR

D2) Imagine that you are a compere of a ‘Teachers Day Celebration’ of your college. Write a script of the same. You can take help of the following points.

1) Introduction 2) Welcome speech and felicitation 3) Lighting the lamp 4) Main events and vote of thanks

OR

D3) Prepare a dialogue between you and S.T.inquiry Clark for bus timing and fare.

Use the following hints:- Introductory dialogues, bus schedule, shortest way, availability of reservation, bus fare, concluding dialogues.

D4) You are a class representative and you are assigned by the principal of your college to conduct an interview of a Doctor. Frame questions for this interview.

Use the following points:- 1) Introduction 2) Opening question 3) Main body 4) Concluding questions 5) Summing up

Section IV – Drama

Q.5

A) History of English Drama    (4)

A1) Write any four features of one act play. (2)

A2) Describe the following terms in one sentence. (2)

1) Stage Directions

2) Monologue

3) Theme

4) Soliloquy

B) Drama - The Rising of the Moon  (4)

B1. Describe the theme of play – ‘The Rising of the Moon’.   (2)

B2. Write character traits of the following characters.              (2)

  

1) Sergeant     2) Prisoner                                                     

C) Drama - A Midsummer – Night’s Dream (4)

C1. Correct the sentence with justification. ‘The play is restricted to only a part of the Woods.’ (2)

C2. Justify : ‘A Midsummer Night Dream’ is  a comedy of errors. (2)

D) Drama - An Enemy of the People (4)

D1. Describe the place where the incidents of the play happened.       (2)

D2. Narrate the climax scene of the drama- An Enemy of the People. (2)

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DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS AS PER THE SECTIONS IN THE ACTIVITY SHEET

Sr. No.	Name of the section	Marks	Marks with options
1	Prose	34	34
2	Poetry	14	14
3	Writing Skill	16	52
4	Drama	16	16

There is another Sky

 2.3 There is Another Sky

 

Title: There is Another Sky

      'There is Another Sky' is an inspirational poem with a message of 'never say-die'. The poet presents two worlds through the title, one is the real world to which the poet and her brother belong. The other one is an imaginative place where both of them take refuge to stay away from the troubles of contemporary times.

The poem: There is Another Sky

The poem is a Petrarchan sonnet with octave and sestet. The poet is communicating to her brother through a letter. She encourages her brother not to get depressed under any circumstances and pleads with him to return home.

Life is full of challenges; one can tackle the challenges with a positive attitude. The poem ends on an optimistic note. The brighter garden stands for choices that life offers to all.

The Poet: Emily Dickinson

Emily Dickinson is an American poet of the nineteenth century. She lived a lonely life. Most of her poems are motivational and philosophical. They are unique to her era and are characterised by simple and short lines. She often used slant rhymes and unconventional capitalization and punctuation. Her poems are the psalms and hymns of life in all its shades.

Theme:

There is Another Sky" is a sonnet written by Emily Dickinson. The poet wants to convey to the readers that beyond the physical sky, there lies an additional sky. The theme of the sonnet highlights the importance of never giving up and always looking for the best to come.

Ice Breakers

(i) Life is an amalgam of happy and sad moments. Think of such moments in your life, pair with your classmate and share both the aspects of life.

Happy Moments	Sad Moments
1) Winning the first prize in competition	Losing your mobile, bicycle or wallet
2)
3)

Answer:

Happy Moments	Sad Moments
1) Winning the first prize in competition	Losing your mobile, bicycle or wallet
2) Securing highest marks in the exam.	Getting low score in the exam.
3) Enjoying birthday party	Missing a party
4) Attending a wedding ceremony of close relative or friend	Missing a wedding ceremony of a close relative or friend due to unavoidable situation
5) Going to a picnic	Becoming sick
6) Hearing favourite songs	Death of a close relative or friend
7) Getting admission to a desired course / college	Not getting admission to a desired course or college
8) Watching favourite T.V. programme or a film or a play	Attending a boring meeting
9) Spending time with family members on any festival	Getting defeat in any sport match
10) Learning new things	Suffering due to an accident

        

(ii) Discuss with your partner and find proverbs, idioms or phrases of similar meaning to the one given and fill them in the stars given below:

Answer:

1) Every cloud has a silver lining.

 

2) There is a crack in everything, that’s how the light gets in.

 

3) There are always flowers for those who want to see them.

 

4) I’m thankful for my struggle because without it, I wouldn’t have stumbled upon my strength.

 

5) Once you have been in the dark, you learn to appreciate everything that shines.

 

6) Too many people miss the silver lining because they are expecting gold.

 

7) Remember that sometimes not getting what you want is wonderful stroke of luck.

 

8) Only in the darkness, you can see the stars.

 

9) You never know how strong you are until being strong is your only choice.

 

10) All’s well that ends well.

 

(iii) When we look at the sky, we find several objects. They stand for something or the other. Complete the following table by finding the significance of the given objects. One example is given to you.

Celestial Bodies	Association
The Sun	Power, Heat, Energy, Commitment etc.
The Moon
The Rainbow
The Stars

Answer:

Celestial Bodies	Association
The Sun	Power, Heat, Energy, Commitment etc.
The Moon	Beauty, Calmness, Purity, Compassion, Brightness etc.
The Rainbow	Beauty, Happiness, Dream, Peace etc.
The Stars	Good luck, Gift, Appreciation, Ratings, Celebrity etc.

 

(iv) Colours mentioned in the table given below, are associated with something or the other. Discuss with your partner and complete the table.

Colours	Associated with-
Pink	Warmness, Compassion, Love
Blue	Peace, Gloom
Yellow	Joy, Brightness
Red	Danger, Anger, Love
White	Peace, Defeat
Black	Strength, Darkness

 

History of English Drama.

 4.1 History of English Drama

Drama:

1) Drama is a composition in verse or prose to be acted on the stage, in which a story is related by means of dialogue and action and is represented with, accompanying gesture, costume and scenery as in real life.

2) Drama is a composition designed for performance in the theatre in which actors take the roles of the characters, perform the indicated action and utter the written dialogue

The elements of drama are-

1. plot

2. characterization

3. dialogue

4. settings

5. stage directions

6. conflict

7. theme

(I) Introduction to English Theatre:

Drama has its origins in folk theatre. Drama is a multiple art using words, scenic effects, music, gestures of the actors and the organising talents of a producer. The dramatist must have players, a stage and an audience.

     The beginnings of drama in England are obscure. There is evidence to believe that when the Romans were in England, they established vast amphitheaters for the production of plays but when the Romans departed their theatre departed with them. 

    (Amphitheaters: a circular building without a roof and with rows of seats that rise in steps around an open space. Amphitheaters were used in ancient Greece and Rome.)

Then there were minstrels. (Minstrels: a medieval singer or musician, especially one who sang or recited lyric or heroic poetry to a musical accompaniment for the nobility.) People enjoyed their performances.

Gradually by the 10th century the ritual of the plays that itself had something dramatic in it and had got few features of a play.

Between the 13th and 14th century drama started having themes which were separated from religion. The words themselves were spoken in English, a longer dramatic script came into use, and they were called as Miracle plays. 

(Miracle plays: Miracle plays are among the earliest formally developed plays in medieval Europe. These plays focused on the representation of Bible stories in churches.)

Later, these religious dramas were the Morality plays in which characters were abstract vices and virtues. (Mortality Plays: a kind of allegorical drama having personified abstract qualities as the main characters and presenting a lesson about good conduct and character, popular in the 15th and early 16th centuries.) These were allegories. (Allegory: a story, play, picture, etc. in which each character or event is a symbol representing an idea or a quality, such as truth, evil, death, etc.; the use of such symbols.)

(II) Elizabethan and Restoration Theatre:

The Secular Morality plays have direct links with Elizabethan plays.

Features of the Renaissance Period:

i) They imposed a learned tradition.

ii) They were classical in depth with themes of education.

iii) They presented general moral problems.

iv) They showed secular politics.

v) These plays had nothing to do with religion.

vi) There were examples of both, comedy and tragedy. 

Prime Dramatists:

Thomas Kyd, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the prime dramatists of this era.

It was Kyd who discovered how easily blank verse might be converted into a useful theatrical medium which Shakespeare used brilliantly in all his plays.

     Tragedy developed in the hands of Kyd and Marlowe.

Comedy had also proceeded beyond rustic humour.

By the nineties of the 16th century, the theatre in England was fully established but complicated conditions governed the activities of the dramatist.

The public theatre of the 16th century:

i) It differed in many important ways from the modern theatre.

ii) It was open to sky.

iii) They were without artificial lighting.

iv) The stage was a raised platform with the recess at the back supported by pillars.

v)There was no curtain and the main platform could be surrounded on three sides by the audience.

vi) There were galleries around the theatre.

In the 17th century the enclosed theatre gained importance. There was increasing attention to scenic device as theatre became private.

William Shakespeare:

Shakespearean era came into existence in the 16th century to the public theatre. He wrote for the contemporary theatre, manipulating the Elizabethan stage with great resource and invention. William Shakespeare was an English playwright, poet, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's greatest dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon".

Ben Johnson:

Ben Johnson was contemporary to William Shakespeare. He was a classicist, a moralist and a reformer of drama. In comedy, Johnson’s genius is found at its best and his influence was considerable. The Restoration dramatists leaned strongly upon him.

Closing of theatres:

Closing of theatres by the Puritans in 1642. The Puritans were English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to purify the Church of England of Roman Catholic practices, maintaining that the Church of England had not been fully reformed and should become more Protestant. With the Civil wars no theatre existed between 1642 to 1660.

The next phase which appeared after the Restoration produced a very different kind of dramatic literature. Dramatists like Chapman, Thomas Middleton, Webster and Dekker were at the forefront.

    When Charles II came back with the Restoration of 1660, the theatres were reopened. The Restoration comedy achieved its peculiar excellence. Drama developed into class drama with upper-class ethos. It lasted beyond this period into the first decade of the 18th century.

Comedy in the early 18^thcentury declined into sentimentalism. It became Comedy of Manners. George Etherege was its most important exponent. From such depths the drama was rescued by Oliver Goldsmith and Richard Sheridan.

(III) Modern Theatre:

Features:

1) Use of picture frame stage.

2) Actresses taking female parts.

3) Moveable scenery designed to create a visual image for each scene.

4) Use of artificial lights.

5) Irregular spectacle, melodrama and farce.

6) Monopoly held by the two houses, Covent Garden and Drury Lane, for the performance of serious drama.

7) The audiences which gathered to the 19^th century theatre had not the intelligence or the imagination of the Elizabethan audience.

8) The danger in the 19th century theatre was that, above all, it was unrelated to the life of the time.

Henrik Ibsen:

    Ibsen was the great Norwegian dramatist of the 19th century. He dominates the modern drama. He developed modernist, realist, social and psychological dramas like The Doll’s house, Ghosts, and An Enemy of the People. They are far more subtle in stagecraft and profound in thought than anything in the modern English theatre.

G. B. Shaw:

    George Bernard Shaw was deeply influenced and affected by Ibsen’s innovative contributions and experimentation. He was the most brilliant playwrights of his times. He alone had understood the greatness of Ibsen and he was determined that his own plays should also be a vehicle for ideas.

The responsibility of elevation of the English drama to the brilliance of the Ibsen, fell with Oscar Wilde and G. B. Shaw in the late 19^th and early 20^th century.

The 20^th century Drama:

The 20^th century showed a talent in the drama with which the 19^th century could not compete. H. Granville Barker, John Galsworthy, St. John Ervine were some of the playwrights who explored contemporary problems. St. John Ervine had been associated with a group of Irish dramatists whose work was normally produced in the Abbey theatre in Dublin. Much that is best in the modern drama in English developed from this movement. One of its originators were Lady Gregory with W. B. Yeats and J. M. Synge. They were the most important dramatists of this Irish revival who used a sense of tragic irony, a violent species of humour and a rich and highly flavoured language.

       T.S. Eliot experimented with Greek tragedy in the early forties of the 20th century. Other dramatists of the modern era, John Osborne, wrote on people who grew up after the Second World War.

Kingsley Amis wrote about frustrated, anti-establishment young people. Osborne’s ‘Look Back in Anger’ brought a new vitality to the theatre scene. It was more a cultural phenomenon than the work of literature.

Other important playwrights of the modern era include Anton Chekhov, Bertolt Brecht, Eugene O’Neill, Arthur Miller, Tennessee William, Eugène Ionesco, Samuel Beckett and Harold Pinter.

(IV) Indian Theatre:

Featurers:

i) Earliest seeds of modern Indian Drama can be found in the Sanskrit Drama.

ii) From the first century A.D. ‘Mahabhasya’ by Patanjali provides a feasible date for the beginning of theatre in India.

iii) ‘A Treatise on Theatre’ (Natya Shastra) by Bharat Muni is the most complete work of dramatology in the ancient world. It gives mythological account of the origin of theatre.

iv) Modern Indian drama however, has influences from all over the world, as well as Sanskrit and Urdu traditions.

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Objective Test

1) Name any four periods of History of British Drama.

Answer:- The four periods of History of British Drama are:

i) Medieval period

ii) Renaissance period

iii) Restoration period

iv) Victorian period

2) List the four elements of drama.

Answer:- The four elements of drama are plot, characters, theme and stage directions. 

3) State a type of drama each from any four periods of history.

Answer:-

i) Medieval period         

:- Robin Hood, Everyman

ii) Renaissance period          

:- Romeo and Juliet, Duchess of Malfi

iii) Restoration period  

:- All for Love, The Way of the World

iv) Victorian period       

:- The Importance of Being Earnest, A Doll’s House

4) Compare the features of a comedy and tragedy.

Answer:-

Comedy	Tragedy
i) A comedy deals with humorous story with a happy ending.	i) The tragedy deals with a serious or darker themes with sad ending.
ii) A comedy creates laughter and fun.	ii) A tragedy creates emotions of pity and fear.
iii) A comedy depends mostly on unusual circumstances and witty dialogues	iii) In tragedy the main character mostly has a moral flaw that causes the tragic end.
iv) A Comedy uses humorous dialogues and situations to give relief	iv) A tragedy evokes pity for the characters and teach moral lesson.

5) Define drama.

Answer:- Drama is a composition in verse or prose to be acted on the stage. It tells a story through action, costume, setting and dialogue.