Pillars of Democracy

  

1.4 Pillars of Democracy

Ice Breakers

1) Choose the correct alternative.

(i) ‘Government of the people, by the people and for the people, shall not perish from the earth’. This famous statement is made by –

(a) Mahatma Gandhi

(c) Abraham Lincoln

(b) Nelson Mandela

(d) Dalai Lama

Answer: Abraham Lincoln

(ii) A system where the government is elected and ruled by people is called-

(a) Bureaucracy

(b) Aristocracy

(c) Democracy

(d) Autocracy

Answer: Democracy

(iii) A democratic country is governed by, its-

(a) Military

(b) Police

(c) Politicians

(d) Constitution

Answer: Constitution

2) Match the following.

Sr.	A	B
1.	Constitution	a) It is the freedom to go where you want, do what you want etc.
2.	Liberty	b) It is the state of being equal, especially in status, rights or opportunities.
3.	Equality	c) It is the sense of common brotherhood.
4.	Fraternity	d) It is an aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.

Answer:

Sr.	A	B
1.	Constitution	d) It is an aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.
2.	Liberty	a) It is the freedom to go where you want, do what you want etc.
3.	Equality	b) It is the state of being equal, especially in status, rights or opportunities.
4.	Fraternity	c) It is the sense of common brotherhood.

3) Explain

Pillars form a support for concrete buildings. Metaphorically speaking a strong nation too depends on strong pillars. Explain the pillars of a democratic nation. Make a list of obstacles that are a threat to the progress of a nation.

Answer:

The pillars of democracy are liberty, equality and fraternity. Liberty, equality and fraternity lead to an ideal nation. These three concepts build a strong, supportive, caring and united nation. Here people work for the well-being of all. They love and respect other persons. There is no separation in respect of social life. So, such nation is an ideal nation. They build the foundation of a strong nation.

Obstacles that are a threat to the progress of a nation.

1) Communalism

2) Casteism

3) Excessive pride for Language

4) Regionalism

5) Economic Differences

6) Terrorism

7) Racism

8) Large growing population

9) Gender inequality

10) Corruption

11) A lack of capital investment

12) A crushing level of debt

13) Poor development of trade and commerce

14) Illiteracy

15) inadequate technology

16) Unemployment

Writer: Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar

He was born on 14th April 1891 in the town and military cantonment of Mhow (now Dr. Ambedkar Nagar) in Madhya Pradesh. He got his degree from Elphinston College, Mumbai. He subsequently obtained the doctorate from Columbia University, USA and London School of Economics. He was also assigned the big and challenging task of framing the ‘Constitution of India’ in the capacity of Chairman of the Drafting Committee. He was awarded the ‘Bharat Ratna’ posthumously for his dedication and commitment for the welfare of our country. He wrote various thought-provoking books.

About the topic: Pillars of Democracy

Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar has laid emphasis on the values of liberty, equality and fraternity. According to him, these principles will make India a strong nation. These principles make our life livable.

He opines that hero-worship is a sure road to degradation and to eventual dictatorship and the collapse of a nation. He shows the threats of such hero worship and asks the readers to keep away from such thinking.

Important points:

According to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, for maintaining democracy not in form but in fact it needs to do the following things.

1) To hold fast to constitutional methods for achieving our social and economic objectives.

2) Do not use any unconstitutional methods as these methods create the Grammar of Anarchy leading liberty at stake.

3) One should not lay liberties at the feet of even a great man. The man may have sacrificed for the nation, but it is not justified one lay liberty at his feet.

4) One should not trust the man with powers which enable him to subvert the institutions.  It is dangerous to liberty of the people. 

5) There is nothing wrong in being grateful to great men but there are limits to that gratefulness.  It is not good for democracy; it the limits are exceeded.

6) In this concern, Irish patriot Danniel O’Connel says that No man can be grateful at the cost of his honour, not woman can be grateful at the cost of her chastity and no nation can be grateful at the cost of liberty. 

7) Here Dr. Ambedkar has given an example of Bhakti.  It subtly fits to the gratefulness theory in India. Bhakti or hero-worship plays diametrically opposite roles in Indian religion and Indian politics. 

8) Dr.Ambedkar says ‘on the 26^th of January 1950, we are going to enter into a life of contradictions. The Indian people will get political right of equality.  But they are away from equality in social and economic life.  In politics, the principle is one man one vote and one vote one value.  But the same principle is not applied in social and political life of India. 

9) Dr. Ambedkar says, ‘If we continue to deny one man one value i.e. equality in our social and economic life, we are putting our democracy in peril’  

10) Fraternity means a sense of common brotherhood of all Indians. According to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, it is not easy to achieve fraternity in Indian social life. 

11) Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar gives example in the words of Jame Bryce. ‘In American Protestant Epicopal church, at its triennial convention a prayer for all the people was said.  The words ran as “O Lord bless our nation” But the objections were raised by the people of a religious community and later on the words in the prayer was changed as ‘O Lord, bless these United States’.

12) USA has no caste problem still the people did not accept as they were a nation. In India there are so many castes. Castes are anti-national. They bring about separation in social life. Castes are antinational as they generate jealousy and antipathy between common people.

13) According to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, in believing that we are a nation, we are doing a great mistake. People divided into several thousands of castes can’t be a nation.

CONCLUSION:

Fraternity can be a fact only when there is a nation. Without fraternity, equality and liberty will be no deeper than coats of paints.

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The Sower

 2.2 The Sower

 

Title: The Sower

    ‘The Sower’ is a translation of Victor Hugo's French poem. It is translated by Toru Dutt from French to English. ‘The Sower’ is a poem about a farmer who is sowing seeds. He has seen many bad harvests in his life. However, he is so optimistic of having a good harvest every time he tosses grain. The Sower the central aspect of this poem and the poet minutely describes his activities in the farm.

 

Poet: Victor Hugo

He was the poet, novelist, and dramatist of the 19th century. He was one of the most important French Romantic writers.

He is regarded in France as one of the country's greatest poets. He is better known for his famous novels as ''Notre-Dame de Paris''(1831) and "Les Miserables" (1862).

 

Translated by: Torulata Dutt

She was a Bengali poet. She was also known as Toru. She wrote in English and French. She was born on 4th March 1856 in Kolkata.

She is considered to be ‘The first Indian poetess’ to write verses in English and French. She translated dozens of poems and completed a novel before her death at the age of 21. Her poems such as ‘Seeta’, ‘Lotus’ and ‘Our Casuarina Tree’ are well-loved.

 

Ice Breakers Activities:

(i) Make a list of words related to agriculture.

Answer:

Words related to agriculture are-

Plough, weeding, harvest, sowing, cultivating, farmer, farm, crop, fertilizers, grain, seeds, soil, yield, irrigation, tilling, planting, harrowing, reaping, manure

 

(ii) Discuss the activities carried out by a farmer.

Answer:

Ploughing- नांगरणी

 

Sowing – पेरणी

 

Manuring- खत देणे

 

Weeding- तण काढणे

 

Reaping- कापणी / धान्य काढणे

 

(iii) In our country engineering, teaching and medical fields are much sought after. Other professions, occupations though they make a significant contribution to the society, do not get their due.

Answer:

a) Farmer	Highly unpredictable economic gains.
b) Conservancy workers	No protective clothing for handling waste, Lack of security measures. No respect for the service they provide.
c) Domestic workers	Lack of job security and good income.
d) Sales persons	Extensive travelling, long working hours, no guarantee of sufficient income.
e) Factory Workers	Low wages, unpredictable working hours, unhygienic atmosphere and risk  of life while handling the machinery.

(ii) 'Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy'. Fill in the boxes supporting this statement. Complete the following web diagram. 

A large part of Indian population is involved in agriculture.	Agriculture- the back- bone of India

Answer:

A large part of Indian population is involved in agriculture.	Agriculture- the back- bone of India	Provides employment to large number of people in India
Provides sufficient food grains and other needy things.		Gives strong support to Indian economy. Helps to increase GDP.

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Glossary:

Porchway- a veranda व्हरांडा

Twilight- lighted area before dusk संधिप्रकाश

Hastens- moving fast वेगाने जाणे

Well- nigh- almost completed जवळ जवळ पूर्ण

Sower- the person who plants the seedपेरणी करणारा

Lingers- stays a bit रेंगाळतो

Rags- old and torn clothes जुने फाटके कपडे

Silhouette- outline of someone बाह्याकार

Furrows- line, channel नांगराने केलेला चर

Precious- valuable मौल्यवान

Muse- rest in thought विचारात गुंग होणे

Stride- to walk with long steps लांब पावलं टाकत जाणे

August- noble, dignified, impressive भव्य

Dominates- commands अधिराज्य गाजवतो

Gestures- movements   हालचाली

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Theme

The Farming and the life of a farmer is the major theme of the poem and the poet gives his feelings for the farmer along with the detailed description about the nature around the farmer.

 

Paraphrase of the poem:-

“Sitting in a porchway………………working hours are well night past.”

The poet is sitting peacefully in the veranda. He is enjoying the sunset. He describes the presence of twilight. ‘The twilight hastens on to rule’ the line suggests the overpower of the twilight over the light of the day. It is a time between the day and night. Day is fading and night is approaching. ‘Working hours are well - nigh past’ this line suggests the time of work in the fields is now over. Soon it is going to be night and dark all around.

 

“Shadow……………………… I feel a thrill”

During the twilight, shadows are spreading all around the area. In such time, the poet sees a farmer who is standing alone in the fields. He is staying a bit there. ‘Old, in rags, he patient stands’ this line gives the appearance of the Sower. The Sower is old and his cloths are tattered. He is standing peacefully in the field. The poet is so much thrilled to see his calm and peaceful appearance in the field.

 

“Black and high……………… a time to reap”

Since it is a twilight time everything appears to be blackish. ‘Silhouette’ is the French word. It means the outline of the Sower. The black shadow of the Sower is dominating the deep furrows in the fields. Since the sun is setting the silhouette gradually becomes bigger and bigger thus even the deep furrows seem to be small in front of the Sower. Here the human aspects is shown powerful and dominating over the nature. In the next line, ‘now to sow……a time to reap’, the farmer is hoping for a good harvest in future. He is sowing and expecting that seeds will grow, the grains will appear and all his wishes will be fulfilled.

  

“Marches he along the plain………to see him stride”

The poet describes the movement of the farmer and his actions in the field. The poet appears the farmer as marching like a soldier. It shows his strong determination and positive attitude towards his work. The farmer moves forward and backward scattering the precious grains which are both a symbol of prosperity and wealth of future. The grain is called ‘precious grains’ because each and every grain is important in the life of a farmer. The poet thinks deeply about the Sower’s hard efforts.

 

“Darkness deepens………………touch the starry skies”

          Here the poet describes the night sky. The twilight gradually turns to night. Everywhere the darkness appears. Now the poet speaks about the gestures of the Sower. The poet feels the majestic and inspiring image of the Sower. The gradual and progressive growth of the shadow of the Sower reaches the top of the sky. The poet feels reverence to the hardworking farmer. He glorifies the work of the Sower and considers his work as noble. Sower’s work gives him such height/ importance that he can touch the sky.

Brain storming activities.

A1. There are a number of challenges a farmer in India faces. Discuss with your partner. How it is possible to improve the condition of farmers?

Answer:

Sr. No	Challenges	Solutions
1)	Water scarcity.	Rainwater harvesting
2)	Credit and in-debtedness.	Providing bank loans on low interest.
3)	Land issues.	Stopping soil erosion, implementing watershed management. Providing good knowledge of crop management.
4)	Climatic changes.	Providing proper forecast of climate.
5)	Social groups.	Farmers should get support from the social groups to choose proper crops and good market to sell them.
6)	Lack of advanced technology.	Government or private sector should provide new techniques and instruments to develop the farming.
7)	Diversification.	Provision of agricultural insurance to give security to the farmers. Give good knowledge about using variety of crops in the farm.
8)	Market risks.	Government should control the market prices. There should be assurance of minimum fixed price to farmers’ products.

 

A2) The poet has observed the sower closely. Express in your own words the reverence the poet has for the sower.

Answer:

The poet realizes that the old farmer is staying a bit in the farm. The poet fills thrill seeing that he does not end his work just because others have ended their work. The poet feels wonder and respect at his dark working figure. The poet is lost in thoughts (muses) and expresses the importance of the farmer’s work. He declares that his work touches the starry skies (as his work provides food to all). All these show that the poet has observed the sower closely and he has reverence for him. 

 

A3) The poet is prompted to call the sower an ‘august personality’ which means- ‘one who has reached the highest position in his work place’.

Explain this using the following points.

i) Hard work

ii) Perseverance

iii) Dedication

Answer:

i) Hard work: The sower is termed as an august personality' by the poet due to his hard-working nature. The sower continues his work well beyond the working hours. Though the daytime is over, he carries on with his work.

ii) Perseverance: The sower's perseverance can be seen when he marches along the plain to and fro with a determination to sow the seeds and hopes for a good harvest.

iii) Dedication: The dedication of the sower can be seen when he takes the seeds and scattered all around, so that the seeds give him good yield.

 

A4)

(i) Pick out the examples of alliteration from the poem and write them down.

Answer:

Examples of Alliteration:

1) Sitting in a porchway cool,

Sunlight, I see, dying fast,

2) Working hours have well-nigh past.

3) But a sower lingers still,

4) Black and high, his silhouette

5) Dominates the furrows deep!

6) Now to sow the task is set.

7) From his hands the precious grain;

8) Darkness deepens. Fades the light.

9) Are august; and strange; his height

10) Seems to touch the starry skies.

 

(ii) 'Seems to touch the starry skies'. The poet has used word imagery. Describe  the idea and pick out other similar examples from the poem.

Answer:

Imagery can be defined as a writer or speaker's use of words or sentences to create a vivid mental picture or physical sensation.

Examples of Imagery:

1) Sitting in a porchway cool.

2) Sunlight, I see, dying fast.

3) Twilight hastens on to rule.

4) Shadows run across the lands.

5) Old, in rags, he patient stands.

6) Black and high, his silhouette.

7) Dominates the furrows deep.

8) Marches he along the plain.

9) Darkness deepens. Fades the light.

 

A5) (i) Write an appreciation of the poem considering the following points:

About the poem / poet / title.

Theme

Poetic devices, language, style

Special features / novelties / focussing elements

Values, message

Your opinion about the poem

Answer:

See answer of this activity in the following book:

Activity Workbook Std. XI English- By Prof. Tushar Chavan

Price Rs. 280 + Courier/ Postage Rs. 50

Total= Rs. 330

Send Whats App message to- 

9850737199

 

Extra Activities

1) Write the rhyming words of the poem-‘The Sower’.

Answer:

1) cool-rule

2) fast-past

3) lands-stands

4) still-thrill

5) silhouette-set

6) deep-reap

7) plain- grain

8) wide- stride

9) light- height

10) eyes- skies

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Model Activity Sheet.

 Annual Exam- Model Activity Sheet

Std. 11^th     Sub.- English       Marks-80  
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Section I – Prose

Q.1 (A)  Read the extract and complete the activities given below.   (12)

Tiger Hill towers majestically above all other mountaintops in its vicinity. Although located almost 10 kilometers north of the Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway, the enemy position on this mountaintop dominated parts of this highway. After the recapture of Tololing and the adjacent features, evicting the enemy from this well-fortified position became a priority.             As the sharp triangular top of Tiger Hill was clearly visible from the highway, and appeared almost impossible to capture, the media had projected the entire episode as a national challenge.             Brigadier M.P.S. Bajwa, commander, 192 Mountain Brigade, assigned the mission of capturing Tiger Hill to 18 grenadiers, now rested and recouped after their achievements at Tololing and Hump, and to 8 Sikh, which was already deployed at its base. Both these units were assisted by a crack team from the High Altitude Warfare School, with maximum possible artillery, engineering and other combat support. Throughout the last week of June 1999, 18 Grenadiers probed to establish the extent of the enemy’s defenses and to scout for suitable routes for the assault. A simultaneous multidirectional assault emerged as the best strategy. The commanding officer of 41 Field Regiment drew up an elaborate artillery fire plan. Individual guns were ranged so as to cover each objective. Bofors guns were used in a direct firing role once again, with inspiring accuracy. On the day of the assault, nearly 120 field and medium guns, 122-mm multibarrelled Grad rocket launchers and mortars rained death and destruction on the enemy at Tiger Hill. The Air Force, too, targeted Tiger Hill on 2-3 July, and hit the bull’s eye several times during its missions.      For the first time in India’s military history, a TV channel covered the battle live: a sign of progress and transparency, not to mention the on-screen depiction of confidence. The Tiger Hill feature extends about 2200 meters from west to east and about 1000 meters north to south. The main extension is towards the west, on which there are two prominent protrusions. The first, approximately 500 meters west of Tiger Hill, had been named ‘India Gate’, and the second, ‘Helmet’ (located another 300 meters away). Approximately one company of 12 Northern Light Infantry (Pakistan) held the whole feature.

A1. Global Understanding   (2)

Describe Tiger Hill in brief.

A2. Complex Factual             (2)

1) Tiger Hill is located almost --------------------------------of the Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway.

2) -----------------------------guns were used in a direct firing.

3) The Air Force targeted ------------------------------------ on 2-3 July.

4) Brigadier M.P.S. Bajwa was ------------------------------- of 192 Mountain Brigade.

A3. Point out                          (2)

Point out the new change that happened in India’s military history.

A4. Personal Response          (2)

List the things that are essential to win a war.

A5. Language Study               (2)

1) Both these units were assisted by a crack team from the High Altitude Warfare School, with maximum possible artillery, engineering and other combat support.

            (Change the voice)

2) A simultaneous multidirectional assault emerged as the best strategy.

            (Change into past perfect tense)

A6. Vocabulary                       (2)

Make a word register for “War”.

B) Language Study               (4)

1) Do as directed.                  (3)

a) Ram is one of the smartest boys.

(Choose the correct positive degree transformation from the following alternatives)

i) Ram is a smarter than most other boys.

ii) Very few boys are as smart as Ram.

iii) No other boy is as smart as Ram.

b) Sharyu is so clever that she will solve any problem.

(Choose the correct use of ‘enough’ for this sentence.)

            i) Sharyu is clever enough that she will solve any problem.

            ii) Sharyu is clever enough so she will solve any problem.

            iii) Sharyu is clever enough to solve any problem.

c) Without music, they will not start dance.

(Choose the correct use of unless for the given sentence.)

            i) Unless there is music, they will not start dance.

            ii) Unless there is no music, they will not start dance.

            iii) Unless there are no music, they will not start dance.

2) Spot the error.            (1)

The list of items are on the desk.

Q.2. (A) Read the extract and complete the activities given below.   (12)  

  

I have mentioned the names of some of the great ones of those times. One of the greatest of these, I have not yet mentioned. His name was Socrates. He was a philosopher, always searching for truth. To him, the only thing worth having was truth and he often discussed difficult questions with his friends and acquaintances, so that out of the discussions truth might emerge. He had many disciples or chelas, and the greatest of these was Plato. Plato wrote many books which have come down to us, and it is from these books that we know a great deal of his master, Socrates. Evidently, governments do not like people who are always trying to find out things: they don`t like the search for truth. The Athenian Government- this was just after the time of Pericles- did not like the method of Socrates, and they held a trial and condemned him to death. They told him that if he promised to give up his discussions with people and changed his ways they would let him off. But he refused to do so, and prepared the cup of poison, which brought him death, to giving up what he considered his duty.

A1. Global understanding    (2)

Choose two statements from the options which do not describe Socrates.     

1) Socrates was a philosopher.

2) He often discussed easy questions.

3) Plato was his greatest disciple.

4) He was a politician.

A2. Complex Factual           (2)

Complete the following sentences with the help of extract.

1. He often discussed difficult questions so that ------------

2. He was commanded to stop ---------------------------------

A3. Analysis                          (2)

Describe the qualities of Socrates.

A4.Personal Response         (2)

“To him the only thing worth having was truth.” Give your opinion about this thinking.

A5.Language Study        (2)

Do as directed.                                                                                                    

1) It is from these books that we know a great about his master.

(Make it simple sentence)

2) Plato wrote many books.

(Rewrite in Past perfect tense)

A6. Vocabulary                   (2)

1) The word `emerge` means-

a) come out     

b) become clear          

c) become easy

2) A philosopher is a person----

a) Who is interested in studies.

b) Who is a lover of wisdom.

c) Who is philanthropic by nature

(B) Summary Writing    (3)

Write a brief summary of the above extract with the help of the points given below and suggest a suitable title.

Socrates – the greatest philosopher—truth having worth --- Plato, a disciple--Government condemned him death---preferred death as his duty.

C) Mind Mapping         (3)

Read the following paragraph and complete the diagram given below.

Books have always been man’s best friends. There are books on various topics. They can be grouped under different categories namely literature, expository, philosophical and reference. Stories, dramas, novels, one act plays and poetry all come under literature. Books that provide information are expository type. They include history, geography, sociology and politics. Philosophical books deal with religion and theology. Reference books deal with variety of needs. They include books like a dictionary or a collection of idioms and phrases, world records, facts and figures etc.

Section II – Poetry

Q.3.A) Read the extract and complete the activities given follow.   (10)

Sitting in a porch way cool, Sunlight, I see, dying fast, Twilight hastens on to rule. Working hours have well-nigh past. Shadows run across the lands: But a sower lingers still, Old, in rags, he patient stands. Looking on, I feel a thrill. Black and high, his silhouette Dominates the furrows deep! Now to sow the task is set. Soon shall come a time to reap. Marches he along the plain To and fro, and scatters wide From his hands the precious grain; Muse I, as I see him stride. Darkness deepens. Fades the light. Now his gestures to mine eyes Are august; and strange; his height Seems to touch the starry skies

A1.Global Understanding   (2)

The poet has observed the sower closely. Express the in your own words the reverence the poet has for the sower.

A2.Analysis                         (2)

Explain:- ‘Old, in rags, he patient stands.’

A3.Personal response          (2)

Write down the essential things required for sowing seeds in the farm.

A4.Poetic devices                 (2)

Find and write any two examples of personification from the extract. Give their explanation.

A5.Poetic creativity            (2)

Add two poetic lines to make the rhyme scheme : a b a b

Sitting in a porch way cool,

Sunlight, I see, dying fast,

---------------------------------

---------------------------------

B) Read the extract and write as per the instruction given follow. (4)

'Again would your lordship a moment suppose,             ('Tis a case that has happened, and may be again) That the visage or countenance had not a Nose,             Pray who would, or who could, wear spectacles then? 'On the whole it appears, and my argument shows, With a reasoning the court will never condemn, That the spectacles plainly were made for the Nose, And the Nose was as plainly intended for them.' Then shifting his side, as a lawyer knows how, He pleaded again in behalf of the Eyes: But what were his arguments few people know, For the court did not think they were equally wise, So his lordship decreed with a grave solemn tone, Decisive and clear, without one if or but- That, whenever the Nose put his spectacles on, By daylight or candlelight-Eyes should be shut!

Write an appreciation of the poem considering the following points:-

1) Theme of the poem           

2) Poetic devices used in the poem

3) Special Features                

4) Message of the poem

SECTION III – Writing Skills

Q.4 Complete the activities as per the instructions given below.  (16)

A) Letter / E- mail

A1) Write an application to the Principal of your Junior college to grant concession in fees.

Name : Kiran Patil,  Reason : Unable to pay complete fees, Request concession

OR

  A2) Write an e mail to the Municipal Commissioner of your city requesting him to take urgent action against bad condition of roads.

e- mail address: municipal@yahoomail.com, Give  condition of roads, Expect quick action.

Use the following template to write e- mail.

B) Film Review OR Blog Writing OR Expansion of Idea (Write any one)   (4)

B1)  Write a review of any film you have seen recently in about 100 to 150 words.                                                                                                                    

Use the following points:- a) Story line                                         b) Characters/Performance               c) Conflict/Special features                d) Your opinion about the film

OR

B2) Write a blog post in a proper format on the following topic in about 100 to 150 words.
Topic:- 'Health and Fitness'  

                                                                                      

Use the following point:- Explain the term, give ways to improve the fitness, give importance of health and fitness, add your own points.

Use the following template to write a blog post.

OR

B3) Expand the idea inherent in the following proverbs.

“One should eat to live, not live to eat” – Franklin

Use the following points:- Explain the proverb, Give examples, Give message in the proverb.

C) Leaflet OR Appeal OR Counter View OR Report (Write any one)                                (4)

C1) Write a leaflet on Yoga Class considering the following points:-

1) Persuasive appeal               2) Courses                   3) Duration                  4) Fees

OR

C2) Imagine that you are a member of Horizon Club, M.I.D.C, Station Road, Pune. Prepare an appeal for making the public aware of ‘Saving our Environment’

Use the following points:- 1) Prepare an attractive slogan. 2) Make a persuasive appeal. 3) Give information about the different programme. 4) Ask for contribution.

OR

C3) Prepare a paragraph to be used for the counter view section on the following topic.

            ‘Science is a curse to Human Beings’

You can take the help of following points included in the view section.

View:-  ‘Science is Blessing to Human Beings’ Ø  It has helped man to make progress in many areas. Ø  It has given man many facilities. Ø  It increases the efficiency and speed of man. Ø  It made man powerful in this universe. Ø  It increases life span of man.

OR

C4) Your college celebrated ‘Environment Day’. Write a report of this celebration using the following points. 

Ø  Day and date of the celebration. Ø  Arrangement  Ø  Environment pledge Ø  Activities conducted on the day.

D) Speech OR Compering script OR Dialogue OR Interview Questions                            (4)

D1) Prepare a speech on ‘Water Conservation’

Use the following points:- 1) Proper beginning 2) Give benefits of water conservation 3) Main body 4) Ending

OR

D2) Imagine that you are a compere of a ‘Teachers Day Celebration’ of your college. Write a script of the same. You can take help of the following points.

1) Introduction 2) Welcome speech and felicitation 3) Lighting the lamp 4) Main events and vote of thanks

OR

D3) Prepare a dialogue between you and S.T.inquiry Clark for bus timing and fare.

Use the following hints:- Introductory dialogues, bus schedule, shortest way, availability of reservation, bus fare, concluding dialogues.

D4) You are a class representative and you are assigned by the principal of your college to conduct an interview of a Doctor. Frame questions for this interview.

Use the following points:- 1) Introduction 2) Opening question 3) Main body 4) Concluding questions 5) Summing up

Section IV – Drama

Q.5

A) History of English Drama    (4)

A1) Write any four features of one act play. (2)

A2) Describe the following terms in one sentence. (2)

1) Stage Directions

2) Monologue

3) Theme

4) Soliloquy

B) Drama - The Rising of the Moon  (4)

B1. Describe the theme of play – ‘The Rising of the Moon’.   (2)

B2. Write character traits of the following characters.              (2)

  

1) Sergeant     2) Prisoner                                                     

C) Drama - A Midsummer – Night’s Dream (4)

C1. Correct the sentence with justification. ‘The play is restricted to only a part of the Woods.’ (2)

C2. Justify : ‘A Midsummer Night Dream’ is  a comedy of errors. (2)

D) Drama - An Enemy of the People (4)

D1. Describe the place where the incidents of the play happened.       (2)

D2. Narrate the climax scene of the drama- An Enemy of the People. (2)

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DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS AS PER THE SECTIONS IN THE ACTIVITY SHEET

Sr. No.	Name of the section	Marks	Marks with options
1	Prose	34	34
2	Poetry	14	14
3	Writing Skill	16	52
4	Drama	16	16